UrgentSubpart CComplianceJanuary 2026

EPA Subpart C: Complete Compliance Checklist for January 1, 2026

Published October 15, 20255 min read

On January 1, 2026, sweeping new EPA regulations under 40 CFR Part 84 Subpart C take effect for HFC refrigerants. Use this checklist to ensure your facility is ready for the new leak rate requirements, automatic leak detection mandates, and recordkeeping obligations.

What's Changing on January 1, 2026?

EPA's new Subpart C regulations dramatically expand refrigerant management requirements. The most significant change: equipment containing just 15 pounds of HFC refrigerant (with GWP >53) now requires leak rate tracking—down from the previous 50-pound threshold. This captures tens of thousands of previously unregulated systems.

Your Compliance Checklist

Step 1: Identify Regulated Equipment
Inventory all equipment with ≥15 lbs refrigerant

This includes supermarket systems, walk-in coolers, rooftop units, cold storage systems, and most commercial refrigeration equipment.

Verify refrigerant type and GWP

Only refrigerants with GWP >53 are regulated. Common HFCs like R-134a (GWP 1,430), R-404A (GWP 3,922), and R-410A (GWP 2,088) all qualify.

Document full charge capacity

Check equipment nameplates or manufacturer specs. You'll need this for leak rate calculations.

Step 2: Understand Your Leak Rate Thresholds
Commercial refrigeration: 20% threshold

Supermarkets, convenience stores, restaurants, grocery stores

Industrial process refrigeration: 30% threshold

Manufacturing facilities, chemical plants, industrial cooling systems

Comfort cooling/transport/other: 10% threshold

Office buildings, warehouses, refrigerated trucks, chillers

Step 3: Establish Leak Rate Tracking Process
Calculate leak rate every time refrigerant is added

Required for every addition except retrofits, new installs, and seasonal variances.

Choose calculation method: Annualized or Rolling Average

Most facilities use annualized (sum of 12 months). Must be consistent.

Document all refrigerant additions with date and amount

Records must be kept for 3 years after equipment retirement.

Step 4: Plan for Automatic Leak Detection (If Applicable)
Identify systems with 1,500+ lbs refrigerant

These require automatic leak detection (ALD) systems.

New equipment (installed 2026+): ALD operational immediately

Any new systems with 1,500+ lbs must have ALD upon installation.

Existing equipment: ALD required by January 1, 2027

You have one year to retrofit existing large systems.

Step 5: Prepare Leak Repair Procedures
If leak rate exceeds threshold: Repair within 30 days

120 days allowed if industrial process shutdown required.

Conduct verification test within 30/120 days after repair

Confirms leak was successfully repaired.

Follow-up verification within 10 days

Second verification required shortly after initial test.

Schedule ongoing inspections until below threshold

Quarterly for 500+ lbs systems, annually for 15-500 lbs systems.

Step 6: Set Up Recordkeeping System
Equipment information (model, serial, location)
Installation date and full charge capacity
All refrigerant additions (date, amount, technician)
Leak rate calculations and methodology used
Repair records and verification test results
Retain all records for 3 years after equipment retirement
Step 7: Prepare for March 1 Annual Reporting (If Applicable)
Identify equipment exceeding 125% of capacity

If your leak rate exceeds 125% of full charge in a year, EPA reporting required.

Mark March 1 deadline on calendar

Annual report must be submitted by March 1 each year.

Common Compliance Mistakes to Avoid

  • ❌ Assuming only 50+ lb systems are regulated (new threshold is 15 lbs)
  • ❌ Using old Section 608 thresholds (35%/10%) instead of new Subpart C thresholds (20%/30%/10%)
  • ❌ Not calculating leak rate after every refrigerant addition
  • ❌ Forgetting about 1,500+ lb ALD requirement deadline (Jan 1, 2027 for existing equipment)
  • ❌ Poor recordkeeping that won't survive an EPA audit

The Cost of Non-Compliance

EPA enforcement of Subpart C violations carries penalties up to $69,733 per violation per day. For a facility with multiple non-compliant systems, fines can accumulate rapidly. Beyond financial penalties, violations can trigger operational shutdowns, legal liability, and reputational damage.

Automate Your Compliance

Managing Subpart C compliance manually across multiple locations and equipment types is time-consuming and error-prone. RefriTrak automatically calculates leak rates every time refrigerant is added, tracks required inspections, schedules ALD installations, maintains 3-year records, and generates EPA-compliant reports—keeping you audit-ready 24/7.

Ready for January 1, 2026?

RefriTrak automates every item on this checklist. Stop worrying about deadlines, calculations, and recordkeeping—let us handle compliance while you focus on your business.

EPA Subpart C: Complete Compliance Checklist for January 1, 2026